The recent advancements in the field of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems have shown a significant shift towards optimizing both large-scale and small-scale channel estimations. Researchers are increasingly focusing on dual-scale channel estimation frameworks that consider both large-scale channel sensing and small-scale channel aging, aiming to enhance system efficiency. This approach is particularly innovative as it addresses the limitations of previous methods that often overlooked the impact of small-scale channel variations. Additionally, the integration of movable antennas with polarization awareness is gaining traction, offering enhanced efficiency and reliability in wireless networks, especially in higher-frequency bands like mmWave. These advancements are paving the way for more robust and efficient future wireless networks. Furthermore, the use of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) in visible light communication (VLC) networks, combined with rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA), is being explored to maximize secrecy energy efficiency, demonstrating a promising direction for improving information security and energy efficiency simultaneously. The field is also witnessing the development of multi-modal iterative and deep fusion frameworks for direction-of-arrival (DOA) sensing, which promise more practical, low-cost, and high-time-efficiency DOA estimation. Notably, the incorporation of simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RIS) in ISAC systems is showing significant performance improvements, particularly in managing interference and enhancing communication quality. Overall, these developments highlight a trend towards more integrated, adaptive, and efficient systems that leverage advanced signal processing and optimization techniques.