Advancements in Large Language Models for Healthcare and Complex Decision-Making

The field of large language models (LLMs) is rapidly evolving, with significant advancements in their application to healthcare and complex decision-making tasks. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of LLMs to simulate authentic patient communication styles, detect logical fallacies, and perform feature engineering, among other tasks. These developments have far-reaching implications for medical education, clinical decision-making, and automated data science. Notably, innovative approaches such as the use of counterarguments, explanations, and goal-aware prompt formulation have improved the accuracy of LLMs in detecting logical fallacies. Furthermore, ensemble and selective strategies via LLM-based multi-agent planning have shown promise in automated data science tasks. However, challenges related to data protection, distraction, and the need for well-structured prompts and complete clinical context remain. Overall, the field is moving towards more robust, scalable, and cost-effective solutions for complex decision-making and healthcare applications. Noteworthy papers include Beyond the Script: Testing LLMs for Authentic Patient Communication Styles in Healthcare, which demonstrated the effectiveness of LLMs in simulating patient communication styles, and Large Language Models Are Better Logical Fallacy Reasoners with Counterargument, Explanation, and Goal-Aware Prompt Formulation, which presented a novel approach to logical fallacy detection. Additionally, SPIO: Ensemble and Selective Strategies via LLM-Based Multi-Agent Planning in Automated Data Science showcased a framework for automated data science tasks, highlighting the potential of LLMs in this domain.

Sources

Beyond the Script: Testing LLMs for Authentic Patient Communication Styles in Healthcare

Susceptibility of Large Language Models to User-Driven Factors in Medical Queries

Large Language Models Are Better Logical Fallacy Reasoners with Counterargument, Explanation, and Goal-Aware Prompt Formulation

SPIO: Ensemble and Selective Strategies via LLM-Based Multi-Agent Planning in Automated Data Science

A Scalable Framework for Evaluating Health Language Models

FeRG-LLM : Feature Engineering by Reason Generation Large Language Models

LANID: LLM-assisted New Intent Discovery

LLM4FS: Leveraging Large Language Models for Feature Selection and How to Improve It

Evaluating the Feasibility and Accuracy of Large Language Models for Medical History-Taking in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Collaborative LLM Numerical Reasoning with Local Data Protection

Medical large language models are easily distracted

Exploring LLM Reasoning Through Controlled Prompt Variations

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